How Many Cat Breeds Are There?
Cat Types A-Z Revealed

How many cat breeds are there?” – This question piques the curiosity of many cat owners and animal enthusiasts. The answer, intriguingly, varies depending on which cat association you consult. The Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) recognizes around 42 breeds, while the International Cat Association (TICA) lists up to 71. Meanwhile, the Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe), with member organizations in 40 countries, only fully recognizes 48 breeds.

But beyond these numbers, there’s a rich tapestry of cat breeds, each with its unique history, characteristics, and charm.

In this article, we’ll explore the diverse world of feline friends, from the regal Maine Coon to the sleek British Shorthair, and from the striking Siamese cats to the adorable Scottish Fold.

We’ll explore the factors contributing to the varying numbers of recognized cat breeds, offering a closer look at the dynamic and diverse world of cats. Additionally, we will delve into the distinctions between the main categories of cats, namely pedigree and non-pedigree cats, highlighting the role of cat associations in defining and recognizing these breeds.

Whether you’re a first-time cat parent, a long-time pet owner, or simply curious about the best cats for your home, this exploration of domestic cat breeds promises to be informative and engaging.
So, let’s dive into the world of cats and discover the fantastic variety of types of cats that share our homes and hearts.

Number of Recognized Cat Breeds

As we delve into the intriguing question, “How many cat breeds are there?” discrepancies emerge across various cat associations. This isn’t just a random variation but is influenced by several key factors, which we’ll explore in this section, shedding light on the diverse world of feline friends.

Variation Among Major Cat Associations

Key organizations like the Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA), the International Cat Association (TICA), and the Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe) each have their unique standards for recognizing different breeds of cats. With a significant presence in North America, the CFA recognizes about 42 breeds, whereas TICA, known for its global outreach, acknowledges up to 71 breeds, including new cat breeds. FIFe, with its extensive international network, recognizes 48 breeds, reflecting the global diversity of domestic cat breeds.

Why the Discrepancy?

This discrepancy in the exact number of cat breeds listed is not arbitrary but is influenced by several key factors, which include the following:

1. New Breeds and Speed of Recognition

Associations like TICA are at the forefront of recognizing new breeds more swiftly, often due to their flexible criteria that accommodate breeds still in the nascent stages of development. This approach contrasts with the CFA, which adheres to more stringent standards, often requiring a detailed pedigree and a long history of stability in the breed’s characteristics, as seen in breeds like the Maine Coon or Persian Cat.

2. Role of Genetic Testing

The advancements in genetic testing have revolutionized breed recognition. Associations that embrace these scientific methods may recognize a more significant number of cat breeds, as genetic testing provides a definitive basis for distinguishing specific breeds.

3. Breed Standards and Historical Precedence

The rigor of breed standards varies among associations. The CFA, for example, places significant weight on the historical documentation of a breed, influencing the recognition process. This historical precedence can either expedite or delay the recognition of breeds like the Siamese cats or Scottish Fold.

4. Geographical Factors in Breed Recognition

Regional Recognition: Certain types of cats are recognized only in specific regions or countries. This is particularly evident in breeds common in Europe but has yet to be recognized by American associations
Local Practices: Traditional breeding practices in different parts of the world can lead to variations in the same breed, prompting some associations to list them as separate breeds, like the British Shorthair and American Shorthair.
Import/Export Regulations: The ease of importing or exporting cats can influence breed recognition. Restrictions can limit the spread of a new breed, affecting its global recognition and popularity among pet owners.

The recognition of cat breeds is a complex and evolving field, influenced by various factors, from genetic testing to geographical variations. This diversity in breed recognition leads us to another fundamental aspect of the cat world: the classification into pedigree and non-pedigree cats. This distinction is crucial for understanding the number of breeds and the broader spectrum of feline companions available to cat lovers.

Pedigree vs. Non-Pedigree Cats

In the world of cats, there are two broad categories that all breeds fall into pedigree (purebred) and non-pedigree (non-purebred). The distinction between these two types of cats is not just about their lineage or appearance; it’s also deeply rooted in the standards and classifications set by authoritative bodies in the feline world.

The Role of Associations in Cat Classification

The classification of cat breeds into these two broad categories is mainly decided by the various institutions which include The Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA), The International Cat Association (TICA), and the Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe). They establish breed standards, which include detailed descriptions of a breed’s appearance, temperament, and other unique characteristics. These standards are crucial for maintaining breed purity and are used in cat shows and by breeders. The recognition and classification of breeds by these associations contribute significantly to the distinction between pedigree and non-pedigree cats, shaping the landscape of the feline world as we know it.

Pedigree Cats

Pedigree cats are those with a documented lineage that can be traced back through multiple generations. These cats are bred to conform to specific breed standards set by cat associations. For a cat to be considered pedigree, it must have a documented lineage demonstrating its descent from recognized breeds. Examples of pedigree cats include the Maine Coon, Siamese, and Persian cat, each bred for distinct physical and sometimes behavioral traits.

Non-Pedigree Cats

In contrast, non-pedigree cats, often called “moggies” or “domestic shorthairs/longhairs,” do not have a documented pedigree or lineage that adheres to specific breed standards. These cats are typically a mix of different breeds and are not bred for particular traits. Non-pedigree cats are the most common type of cat and are celebrated for their diverse and unique characteristics, encompassing a wide range of appearances and temperaments.

Popular Pedigree Cat Breeds

Maine Coon: Known for its large size and friendly nature, the Maine Coon is a prime example of a purebred cat with a distinctive long hair coat.
Siamese: Recognizable for its vocal personality and striking appearance, the Siamese cat is a classic breed often sought after by cat owners.
Persian: Famous for its long, luxurious coat and calm temperament, it remains one of the most popular cat breeds.
British Shorthair: Cherished for its dense coat and loyal demeanor, this breed is a staple in many cat fanciers’ circles.
Scottish Fold: Notable for its unique ear structure and gentle nature, it has become increasingly popular in recent years.
American Shorthair: Often mistaken for a non-pedigree cat, this breed is known for its robust health and adaptable nature and is a favorite in the United States.
Exotic Shorthair: A breed resembling the Persian but with shorter fur, known for its gentle and calm demeanor, it is a perfect example of a short-haired breed.

Rare and Exotic Pedigree Breeds

Sphynx: Known for its hairless appearance, the Sphynx is a rare breed that stands out due to its lack of fur and playful, affectionate nature, often intriguing pet owners looking for a unique type of cat.
Russian Blue: This breed, with its striking blue coat and green eyes, is a rare gem in cat breeds, known for its shy but loyal personality.
Birman: The Birman, known for its striking blue eyes and long silky hair, is a less common breed with a mysterious origin, appealing to those interested in exotic shorthair and long hair cats.
Korat: Originating from Thailand, the Korat, with its silver-blue coat and heart-shaped face, is considered a symbol of good fortune and a rare find among feline breeds.
Singapura: One of the smallest and rarest cat breeds, the Singapura is known for its large eyes, ears, and sepia-toned coat, making it a unique addition to the list of cat breeds.

Non-Pedigreed Cats Types

Domestic Shorthair (DSH): These short hair cats are a mix of breeds and typically do not have a pedigree. They come in a wide range of colors and patterns, making them a favorite among pet owners looking for a small pet with a unique personality.
Domestic Longhair (DLH): Similar to DSH but with longer fur, these cats also have a mix of various breeds in their lineage and exhibit a variety of coat colors and patterns, appealing to those who admire long hair cats.
Moggies: A colloquial term often used in the UK for mixed-breed cats. Moggies encompass a wide range of appearances and temperaments, reflecting their mixed-breed heritage, and are often the choice for first-time cat parents.

The Future of Cat Breeds: Are New Breeds on the Horizon?

The ever-evolving world of cat breeds is a fascinating aspect of feline companionship. As we look to the future, the question arises: are we likely to see new breeds of cats emerge? Several factors suggest that the evolution of new cat breeds is possible and probable.

Advances in Genetics and Breeding: With advancements in genetic research, breeders and cat fanciers have more tools to understand the genetics of cats. This knowledge can lead to intentionally breeding cats with specific traits, potentially creating new breeds. Designer or hybrid breeds, produced by crossing existing breeds, are also gaining interest.
Changing Preferences and Lifestyles: Modern lifestyles might increase the demand for smaller, more adaptable cat breeds suitable for apartment living. Pop culture and social media trends can also influence the popularity of certain cat breeds and characteristics.
Health and Welfare Considerations: There’s a growing awareness of the health issues associated with certain breed-specific traits. Future breeding efforts may focus more on health and longevity, developing breeds with fewer genetic health problems. Ethical breeding practices are also becoming more prominent.
Globalization and Cross-Breeding: International breeding programs allow for the cross-breeding of cats from different regions, potentially leading to new cat breeds. Preservation efforts for rare or endangered breeds may also contribute to the development of new breeds as breeders work to maintain genetic diversity.

The future of cat breeding is an exciting and dynamic field. While it’s impossible to predict exactly what new breeds will emerge, the combination of scientific advancements, changing human lifestyles, and a focus on health and ethics suggests that the world of cat breeds is set to continue evolving. For cat owners and enthusiasts, this means a future rich with even more diverse and fascinating feline friends.

Conclusion

In summary, the world of cat breeds is a vibrant and evolving landscape. From the pedigree breeds recognized by major cat associations to the diverse non-pedigree cats, each type offers unique characteristics and charm. The future of cat breeds, influenced by genetic advances and changing human lifestyles, promises exciting developments and new varieties. For cat lovers and owners, this rich diversity enhances the joy and companionship these feline friends bring into our lives.

Cat Breeds a-z
different cat breeds and pictures

Frequently Asked Questions On Cat Breed

1. How did cat breeds evolve?

The evolution of cat breeds is a fascinating journey that combines natural selection, human intervention, and a bit of uncertainty.

Around 9,000 years ago in the Near East, it was thought that domestic cats descended from the African wildcat. As humans transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle to settled agricultural communities, cats became invaluable for controlling pests like rats and mice. This mutually beneficial relationship led to the domestication of cats.

Over time, as humans migrated and traded, cats were brought along to different parts of the world. Natural selection played a role in shaping the cats to fit their new environments. For example, cats in colder climates developed thicker coats, while those in warmer areas had lighter, shorter fur.

Selective breeding by humans began to take prominence in the 19th century, especially with the advent of cat shows. Breeders started to focus on specific traits, whether the Siamese’s striking blue almond-shaped eyes or the Persian’s luxurious long fur. This led to the formal recognition of various breeds, each with unique characteristics.

In some cases, breeds evolved through spontaneous genetic mutations. The Cornish Rex, for example, originated from a litter of kittens born in the 1950s in Cornwall, England, where one kitten had an unusually curly coat. This trait was then selectively bred to create today’s Cornish Rex breed.

Today, there are numerous cat breeds, each with its own set of unique characteristics, whether physical or behavioral. These breeds continue to evolve naturally and through selective breeding as we learn more about genetics and cat owners’ specific needs and desires.

So, the evolution of cat breeds is a complex interplay of natural selection, human influence, and genetic mutation, leading to the wide variety of breeds we have today.

2. What was the first cat breed on earth?

The Egyptian Mau is often cited as one of the oldest cat breeds, tracing back to ancient Egypt over 3,000 years ago. These cats are known for their spotted coats and were highly valued in ancient Egyptian society for their hunting abilities and beauty. They were even depicted in ancient Egyptian art and were considered sacred.

However, it’s important to note that the concept of a “breed,” as we understand it today, did not exist in ancient times. Cats were likely valued for specific traits like hunting prowess or appearance, but formal breeding programs to standardize these traits did not exist.

In summary, while it’s difficult to pinpoint the “first” cat breed due to differing concepts of what constitutes a breed, the Egyptian Mau is one of the oldest types of cats with specific characteristics that make it distinct.

3. Do different cat breeds behave differently?

Different cat breeds do indeed behave differently, and these behavioral traits are often as distinct as their physical characteristics. While it’s essential to remember that individual cats have their own personalities, Specific breeds generally have similar characteristics.

For example, Siamese cats are known for their vocalizations and social nature. They often seek human interaction and are quite playful. On the other hand, British Shorthairs are generally more reserved and may prefer a quieter environment. They are affectionate but not overly so, valuing their independence.

Some breeds, like the Maine Coon and Ragdoll, are known for their friendly and pleasant demeanor, often described as “dog-like” because they like to follow their humans around. In contrast, breeds like the Russian Blue or Scottish Fold are more shy and may take time to warm up to new people or environments.

Genetics plays a role in these behavioral traits. Many breeds were developed with specific purposes, such as hunting, companionship, or even particular kinds of play, and their behaviors have been fine-tuned over generations to suit these roles.

So, to answer your question: Yes, different cat breeds do behave differently. These behavioral traits tend to be shaped by a combination of genetic predisposition and the environment in which the cat is raised.

4. Why are cats not fully domesticated?

Cats are often considered to be only semi-domesticated, and there are several reasons for this characterization. Unlike dogs, bred for specific roles like herding, hunting, or guarding, cats were primarily valued for their natural hunting abilities. This meant that there was less selective pressure to breed out wild traits, allowing many of their instincts to remain intact.

One of the most telling signs of their partial domestication is their behavior. Cats are generally more independent and can survive without human intervention to a greater extent than most domesticated animals. They are skilled hunters and can provide for themselves if needed. This independence is a trait that they share with their wild ancestors.

Additionally, the domestication process for cats is relatively recent in historical terms. While dogs have been domesticated for around 20,000 to 40,000 years, cats have been domesticated for approximately 9,000 years. There needs to be a time frame to domesticate the species fully; as a result, many wild traits remain.

Genetically, studies have shown that domestic cats (Felis catus) are almost identical to their wild relatives, with very few genetic differences. This contrasts dogs, which offer a much broader genetic divergence from wolves.

Another factor is that cats have been subjected to a different level of selective breeding than dogs. While there are other breeds of cats with specific traits, most cats are not purebred and have a more diverse genetic makeup, including a mix of features from their wild ancestors.

So, while cats have been domesticated to a degree, they retain a significant amount of their wild instincts and genetic makeup, making them only semi-domesticated.

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How Many Cat Breeds Are There? Cat Types A-Z Revealed

Table of Contents

Number of Recognized Cat Breeds

Variation Among Major Cat Associations

Why the Discrepancy?

1. New Breeds and Speed of Recognition

2. Role of Genetic Testing

3. Breed Standards and Historical Precedence

4. Geographical Factors in Breed Recognition

Pedigree vs. Non-Pedigree Cats

The Role of Associations in Cat Classification

Pedigree Cats

Non-Pedigree Cats

Popular Pedigree Cat Breeds

Non-Pedigreed Cats Types

The Future of Cat Breeds: Are New Breeds on the Horizon?

Conclusion

Cat Breeds a-z different cat breeds and pictures

Abyssinian

American Bobtail

American Curl

American Shorthair

American Wirehair

Balinese

Bengal

Birman

Bombay

British Shorthair

British Longhair

Burmese

Burmilla

California Spangled

Chartreux

Chausie

Cornish Rex

Cymric

Devon Rex

Donskoy

Egyptian Mau

European Burmese

Exotic Shorthair

Havana Brown

Himalayan

Japanese Bobtail

Javanese

Khao Manee

Korat

Kurilian Bobtail

LaPerm

Lykoi

Maine Coon

Manx

Minskin

Munchkin

Nebelung

Norwegian Forest Cat

Ocicat

Oriental

Persian

Peterbald

Pixiebob

Ragamuffin

Ragdoll

Russian Blue

Savannah

Scottish Fold

Selkirk Rex

Siamese

Siberian

Singapura

Snowshoe

Somali

Sphynx

Thai

Tonkinese

Toyger

Turkish Angora

Turkish Van

Australian Mist

Minuet

How Many Cat Breeds Are There?
Cat Types A-Z Revealed

Cat Breeds a-z
different cat breeds and pictures